Glossary

Acquiring bank

By Fredrik Filipsson, cofounder of Business Bank Index
Reviewed by Morten Andersen
Definition

An acquiring bank is the bank or financial institution that holds a merchant account and processes card payments on behalf of a business, settling the funds from card transactions into that account. It is distinct from the issuing bank, which provides the customer's card.

Information as of 19 June 2026Last reviewed 19 June 2026

General information, not financial, legal, or tax advice. Verify current terms and eligibility with the provider before applying.

An acquiring bank, also called an acquirer, is the financial institution that lets a business accept card payments. It holds the merchant account, is licensed by the card schemes, routes each card payment to the cardholder's issuing bank for authorisation, and settles the approved funds into the merchant account after fees. It contrasts with the issuing bank, which issues the card to the customer.

How an acquiring bank works

An acquiring bank is a financial institution, licensed by card schemes such as Visa and Mastercard, that enables a business to accept card payments by providing and holding a merchant account. When a customer pays by card, the acquiring bank receives the transaction from the business and routes it through the card scheme to the cardholder's issuing bank, which approves or declines it. For approved payments the issuing bank releases the funds through the scheme to the acquiring bank, which then settles the money into the merchant account, less the relevant fees. The acquirer also carries responsibility for risks such as chargebacks. This information is current as of 19 June 2026.

Acquiring bank and issuing bank

The acquiring bank works for the business that accepts the payment, while the issuing bank works for the customer and provides the card used to pay. In a card payment the two sit on opposite sides: the issuing bank checks the cardholder has funds or credit and approves the payment, and the acquiring bank receives and settles it for the business. The card scheme connects the two and sets the rules they follow.

Why it matters to a business

A business that wants to take card payments needs a relationship with an acquiring bank, directly or through a payment provider that works with one, because the acquirer is what makes settlement to the business possible. The acquirer relationship affects which cards can be accepted, how quickly funds settle, and the fees deducted, which often include an interchange fee and a scheme fee passed on within the overall cost. Confirm the supported cards, settlement times, and charges with the provider, as these vary.

Frequently asked questions

What is an acquiring bank?
An acquiring bank, or acquirer, is the financial institution that holds a business merchant account and processes its card payments, settling the funds from approved card transactions into the merchant account after fees.
What is the difference between an acquiring bank and an issuing bank?
The acquiring bank works for the business accepting the payment and settles the funds to it, while the issuing bank provides the card to the customer and approves the payment from the cardholder side. They sit on opposite sides of a card transaction.
Is an acquiring bank the same as a payment processor?
Not exactly. The acquiring bank holds the merchant account and settles funds, while a payment processor handles the technical routing of transaction data between the parties. The terms are sometimes used loosely, and one provider may offer both functions.
Why does a business need an acquiring bank?
A business needs an acquiring bank, directly or through a payment provider, to accept card payments, because the acquirer is what receives and settles card transaction funds into the merchant account. It also affects accepted cards, settlement speed, and fees.

Definitions, fees, features, and eligibility change and vary by region. This page was last reviewed on 19 June 2026. Confirm current terms with the provider before applying.

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