Glossary

Overdraft

By Fredrik Filipsson, cofounder of Business Bank Index
Reviewed by Morten Andersen
Definition

An overdraft is an arrangement that lets an account balance fall below zero up to an agreed limit, so payments can continue when the balance runs out. Interest and fees usually apply to the amount overdrawn.

Information as of 12 June 2026Last reviewed 12 June 2026

General information, not financial, legal, or tax advice. Verify current terms and eligibility with the provider before applying.

An overdraft lets an account go below a zero balance up to a limit agreed with the bank, so a payment can still go through when there is not enough money in the account. The business borrows only what it uses and usually pays interest on the overdrawn amount, plus any arrangement or usage fees. An arranged overdraft is agreed in advance, while going beyond the limit or overdrawing without an arrangement can cost more.

How an overdraft works

An overdraft is a borrowing arrangement attached to a current account that lets the balance go below zero up to a limit set by the bank. When outgoing payments are larger than the money in the account, the account becomes overdrawn and the bank covers the difference up to the limit. The business borrows only the amount it actually uses and can repay it as money comes into the account, so the balance owed rises and falls with use. Interest is normally charged on the overdrawn amount, and the bank may also charge an arrangement fee or a usage fee. This information is current as of 12 June 2026.

Arranged and unarranged overdrafts

An arranged overdraft is one agreed with the bank in advance, with a set limit and known charges. An unarranged overdraft happens when an account goes below zero without an agreement in place, or beyond an agreed limit. Unarranged overdrawing is usually more expensive and the bank may decline the payment instead of covering it. The exact charges and whether payments are allowed depend on the bank and the account.

Why it matters to a business

An overdraft can act as a short term buffer that helps a business manage uneven cash flow, for example when a payment is due before money from customers arrives. Because the business pays only for what it uses, it can be flexible, but the interest and fees mean it is usually meant for short term gaps rather than long term borrowing. A bank can also reduce or withdraw an overdraft, sometimes at short notice. Compare the interest rate, fees, and terms, and confirm them with the provider before relying on an overdraft.

Frequently asked questions

What is an overdraft?
An overdraft is an arrangement that lets an account balance fall below zero up to an agreed limit, so payments can continue when the balance runs out. The business pays interest on the amount overdrawn, plus any fees.
What is the difference between an arranged and an unarranged overdraft?
An arranged overdraft is agreed with the bank in advance with a set limit and known charges. An unarranged overdraft occurs without an agreement or beyond the limit, and is usually more expensive or the payment may be declined.
Do you pay interest on an overdraft?
Usually yes. Interest is normally charged on the amount that is overdrawn for as long as it is used, and there may also be an arrangement or usage fee. Charges vary by bank and account, so confirm them with the provider.
Is an overdraft the same as a loan?
No. An overdraft is a flexible facility on a current account where the business borrows only what it uses and repays as funds come in, while a loan provides a fixed amount repaid over a set term. An overdraft is generally meant for short term gaps.

Definitions, fees, features, and eligibility change and vary by region. This page was last reviewed on 12 June 2026. Confirm current terms with the provider before applying.

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