Glossary

Annual equivalent rate

By Fredrik Filipsson, cofounder of Business Bank Index
Reviewed by Morten Andersen
Definition

Annual equivalent rate, or AER, is a standardised figure that shows the interest a savings or deposit account would pay over a year once compounding is taken into account. It lets accounts be compared regardless of how often interest is paid.

Information as of 23 October 2025Last reviewed 23 October 2025

General information, not financial, legal, or tax advice. Verify current terms and eligibility with the provider before applying.

Annual equivalent rate, or AER, expresses the interest on a savings or deposit account as if it were paid and compounded once a year. It lets a saver compare two accounts on a like for like basis even when one pays interest monthly and another pays annually. AER reflects the interest rate and compounding only; it does not include account fees, charges, or tax, so the net return can be lower than the headline AER.

How the annual equivalent rate works

AER, the annual equivalent rate, is a notional rate that expresses the interest on a savings or deposit account as if it were paid and compounded once a year. It assumes that interest stays in the account, so that interest already paid itself earns interest. Because it standardises for how often interest is paid, AER lets a saver compare two accounts even when one pays interest monthly and another pays it annually. In the United Kingdom, providers are expected to quote AER on savings products so that advertised rates can be compared on a consistent basis.

AER compared with the gross rate

The gross rate is the interest before any tax, at the stated payment frequency, while AER restates that rate to reflect compounding over a full year. When interest is paid once a year and nothing is added in between, the gross rate and the AER are the same. When interest is paid more often, such as monthly, the AER is slightly higher than the gross rate, because the earlier payments compound through the year. AER does not include account fees, charges, or tax, so a headline AER does not by itself show the net return after costs.

Why it matters to a business

A business comparing interest bearing accounts or savings products can use AER to judge which pays more over a year without having to adjust for different payment schedules. Because AER assumes interest is left in the account to compound, the amount a business actually earns can differ if it withdraws the interest, if the rate is variable and changes, or if an introductory bonus rate ends. A business should also check any fees, access terms, and whether the rate is fixed or variable, since AER alone does not capture these. Confirm the current rate and terms with the provider before relying on a quoted AER.

Frequently asked questions

What is the annual equivalent rate?
The annual equivalent rate, or AER, is a standardised figure showing the interest a savings or deposit account would pay over a year once compounding is taken into account. It allows accounts to be compared even when they pay interest at different frequencies.
What is the difference between AER and the gross rate?
The gross rate is the interest before tax at the stated payment frequency, while AER restates it to reflect compounding over a full year. If interest is paid monthly, the AER is slightly higher than the gross rate; if it is paid once a year with nothing added, the two are the same.
Does AER include fees?
No. AER reflects the interest rate and compounding only. It does not account for account fees, charges, or tax, so the net return after costs can be lower than the AER suggests.
Why do banks quote AER?
Quoting AER lets savers compare accounts on a like for like basis regardless of how often each one pays interest. In the United Kingdom, providers are expected to show AER on savings products so that rates can be compared consistently.

Definitions, fees, features, and eligibility change and vary by region. This page was last reviewed on 23 October 2025. Confirm current terms with the provider before applying.

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