Glossary

Electronic Money Institution

By Fredrik Filipsson, cofounder of Business Bank Index
Reviewed by Morten Andersen
Definition

An Electronic Money Institution, or EMI, is a regulated firm authorised to issue electronic money and provide payment accounts, but it is not a bank and does not take deposits or lend in the way a bank does.

Information as of 9 April 2026Last reviewed 9 April 2026

General information, not financial, legal, or tax advice. Verify current terms and eligibility with the provider before applying.

An Electronic Money Institution is a regulated payments firm, not a bank. It can issue electronic money and run payment accounts, but it does not take deposits or lend out customer money, and it must safeguard the funds it holds.

What an Electronic Money Institution is

An Electronic Money Institution, commonly shortened to EMI, is a firm authorised by a financial regulator to issue electronic money and to provide payment services such as accounts, cards, and transfers. In the United Kingdom EMIs are authorised and supervised by the Financial Conduct Authority under the Electronic Money Regulations 2011, and many fintech and neobank style providers operate as EMIs or through one. The model exists in the European Union under equivalent rules. Many business accounts marketed by fintech providers are run by an EMI rather than a bank.

How an EMI differs from a bank

An EMI is not a bank. It is focused on payments and the issuing of electronic money. It does not take deposits in the legal sense, and it does not lend out customer funds the way a bank does. Because of that, the funds customers hold with an EMI are generally not covered by a deposit guarantee scheme. In the United Kingdom, bank deposits are protected by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme up to the published limit, whereas money held with an EMI is protected through safeguarding rather than that scheme, as of 9 April 2026.

Safeguarding customer funds

Instead of a deposit guarantee, EMIs must safeguard the money customers hold with them. Under the applicable regulations this means keeping customer funds separate from the firm's own money, typically by placing them in a segregated account at a credit institution or by covering them with an insurance policy or comparable guarantee. The aim is that, if the EMI fails, customer funds are ring fenced and can be returned rather than being available to the firm's general creditors. The exact protection depends on the provider and jurisdiction, so confirm how a given EMI safeguards funds before relying on it. See Safeguarding for the mechanism in detail.

Frequently asked questions

What is an Electronic Money Institution?
An Electronic Money Institution, or EMI, is a regulated firm authorised to issue electronic money and provide payment accounts and services. In the United Kingdom it is authorised and supervised by the Financial Conduct Authority under the Electronic Money Regulations 2011. It is not a bank.
Is an EMI a bank?
No. An EMI is a regulated payments firm, not a bank. It can issue electronic money and run payment accounts, but it does not take deposits in the legal sense or lend out customer funds the way a bank does.
Is money held with an EMI protected like a bank deposit?
Not in the same way. Money held with an EMI is generally not covered by a deposit guarantee scheme such as the Financial Services Compensation Scheme. Instead the EMI must safeguard customer funds by keeping them separate from its own money. Confirm the specific protection with the provider.
What does safeguarding mean for an EMI?
Safeguarding means the EMI keeps customer funds separate from its own, typically in a segregated account at a credit institution or covered by an insurance policy or comparable guarantee, so that the funds are ring fenced and can be returned if the firm fails.

Definitions, fees, features, and eligibility change and vary by region. This page was last reviewed on 9 April 2026. Confirm current terms with the provider before applying.

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