Glossary

Spot rate

By Fredrik Filipsson, cofounder of Business Bank Index
Reviewed by Morten Andersen
Definition

A spot rate is the current exchange rate at which one currency can be bought or sold for another for immediate delivery, as opposed to a rate agreed for a future date.

Information as of 2 March 2026Last reviewed 2 March 2026

General information, not financial, legal, or tax advice. Verify current terms and eligibility with the provider before applying.

A spot rate is the exchange rate for converting one currency into another right now, for immediate settlement. It contrasts with a forward rate, which is agreed today for a transaction that settles on a future date. Spot rates move continuously with the market. The rate a business is actually offered usually includes the provider's markup over the underlying market rate.

How a spot rate works

A spot rate is the exchange rate for buying or selling one currency against another for immediate delivery, that is a transaction settled at or near the current date rather than at some point in the future. It reflects the market price of the currency pair at that moment and changes continuously as the foreign exchange market moves. A spot transaction, or spot trade, is an agreement to exchange the two currencies at the spot rate. The spot rate is distinct from a forward rate, which fixes a price today for settlement on a later date, current as of 2 March 2026.

Spot rate and the mid market rate

The spot rate describes the timing of a currency deal, immediate rather than forward, while the mid market rate describes a particular reference price, the midpoint between the buy and sell prices. The two are related: a quoted spot rate is built around the current mid market rate, but the rate a bank or provider actually offers a customer usually includes a markup, also called a foreign exchange margin, over that reference. Comparing the offered spot rate with the mid market rate shows the size of that markup.

Why it matters to a business

A business that converts currency or makes cross border payments often does so at the spot rate, so the rate it receives directly affects the cost of each conversion. Because the spot rate moves constantly and providers add their own markup, two conversions of the same amount can cost different amounts at different times or with different providers. A business that wants certainty about a future conversion may instead look at a forward arrangement, which locks a rate in advance. Compare the offered rate and any fee with the current market rate before converting.

Frequently asked questions

What is a spot rate?
A spot rate is the current exchange rate at which one currency can be bought or sold for another for immediate delivery. It contrasts with a forward rate, which is agreed today for settlement on a future date.
What is the difference between a spot rate and a forward rate?
A spot rate applies to a currency exchange settled now, while a forward rate is agreed today for a transaction that settles on a future date. A forward arrangement can give certainty about a future conversion price.
Is the spot rate the same as the mid market rate?
Not exactly. The mid market rate is the midpoint between the buy and sell prices and is used as a reference. A quoted spot rate is based on it, but the rate a customer is offered usually includes a markup over the mid market rate.
Why does the spot rate matter to a business?
The spot rate is often the rate at which a business converts currency or makes cross border payments, so it directly affects the cost. Because it moves constantly and providers add a markup, comparing the offered rate with the market rate helps judge the cost.

Definitions, fees, features, and eligibility change and vary by region. This page was last reviewed on 2 March 2026. Confirm current terms with the provider before applying.

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